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Author |
Di Valentino, E.; Gariazzo, S.; Giusarma, E.; Mena, O. |
![goto web page (via DOI) doi](img/doi.gif)
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Title |
Robustness of cosmological axion mass limits |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Physical Review D |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. D |
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Volume |
91 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
123505 - 12pp |
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We present the cosmological bounds on the thermal axion mass in an extended cosmological scenario in which the primordial power spectrum of scalar perturbations differs from the usual power-law shape predicted by the simplest inflationary models. The power spectrum is instead modeled by means of a “piecewise cubic Hermite interpolating polynomial” (PCHIP). When using cosmic microwave background measurements combined with other cosmological data sets, the thermal axion mass constraints are degraded only slightly. The addition of the measurements of sigma(8) and Omega(m) from the 2013 Planck cluster catalog on galaxy number counts relaxes the bounds on the thermal axion mass, mildly favoring a similar to 1 eV axion mass, regardless of the model adopted for the primordial power spectrum. However, in general, such a preference disappears if the sum of the three active neutrino masses is also considered as a free parameter in our numerical analyses, due to the strong correlation between the masses of these two hot thermal relics. |
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Address ![sorted by Address field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
[Di Valentino, Eleonora] CNRS, UMR 7095, Inst Astrophys Paris, F-75014 Paris, France |
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Amer Physical Soc |
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1550-7998 |
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WOS:000355623400003 |
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no |
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yes |
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yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
2253 |
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Author |
Di Valentino, E.; Gariazzo, S.; Gerbino, M.; Giusarma, E.; Mena, O. |
![goto web page (via DOI) doi](img/doi.gif)
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Title |
Dark radiation and inflationary freedom after Planck 2015 |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Physical Review D |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. D |
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Volume |
93 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
083523 - 28pp |
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The simplest inflationary models predict a primordial power spectrum (PPS) of the curvature fluctuations that can be described by a power-law function that is nearly scale invariant. It has been shown, however, that the low-multipole spectrum of the cosmic microwave background anisotropies may hint at the presence of some features in the shape of the scalar PPS, which could deviate from its canonical power-law form. We study the possible degeneracies of this nonstandard PPS with the active neutrino masses, the effective number of relativistic species, and a sterile neutrino or a thermal axion mass. The limits on these additional parameters are less constraining in a model with a nonstandard PPS when including only the temperature autocorrelation spectrum measurements in the data analyses. The inclusion of the polarization spectra noticeably helps in reducing the degeneracies, leading to results that typically show no deviation from the Lambda CDM model with a standard power-law PPS. These findings are robust against changes in the function describing the noncanonical PPS. Albeit current cosmological measurements seem to prefer the simple power-law PPS description, the statistical significance to rule out other possible parametrizations is still very poor. Future cosmological measurements are crucial to improve the present PPS uncertainties. |
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Address ![sorted by Address field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
[Di Valentino, Eleonora] Inst Astrophys Paris, CNRS, UMR7095, F-75014 Paris, France, Email: valentin@iap.fr |
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Amer Physical Soc |
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2470-0010 |
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WOS:000374960700001 |
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yes |
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yes |
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IFIC @ pastor @ |
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2644 |
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Author |
Di Valentino, E.; Gariazzo, S.; Mena, O. |
![goto web page (via DOI) doi](img/doi.gif)
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Title |
Most constraining cosmological neutrino mass bounds |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Physical Review D |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. D |
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Volume |
104 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
083504 - 7pp |
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We present here up-to-date neutrino mass limits exploiting the most recent cosmological data sets. By making use of the cosmic microwave background temperature fluctuation and polarization measurements, supernovae Ia luminosity distances, baryon acoustic oscillation observations and determinations of the growth rate parameter, we are able to set the most constraining bound to date, Sigma m(v) < 0.09 eV at 95% C.L. This very tight limit is obtained without the assumption of any prior on the value of the Hubble constant and highly compromises the viability of the inverted mass ordering as the underlying neutrino mass pattern in nature. The results obtained here further strengthen the case for very large multitracer spectroscopic surveys as unique laboratories for cosmological relics, such as neutrinos: that would be the case of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument survey and of the Euclid mission. |
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Address ![sorted by Address field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
[Di Valentino, Eleonora] Univ Durham, Inst Particle Phys Phenomenol, Dept Phys, Durham DH1 3LE, England, Email: eleonora.di-valentino@durham.ac.uk; |
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Amer Physical Soc |
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2470-0010 |
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WOS:000704632300010 |
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no |
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yes |
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yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
4996 |
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Author |
Di Valentino, E.; Melchiorri, A.; Mena, O.; Vagnozzi, S. |
![goto web page (via DOI) doi](img/doi.gif)
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Title |
Nonminimal dark sector physics and cosmological tensions |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Physical Review D |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. D |
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Volume |
101 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
063502 - 20pp |
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We explore whether nonstandard dark sector physics might be required to solve the existing cosmological tensions. The properties we consider in combination are (a) an interaction between the dark matter and dark energy components and (b) a dark energy equation of state w different from that of the canonical cosmological constant w = -1. In principle, these two parameters are independent. In practice, to avoid early-time, superhorizon instabilities, their allowed parameter spaces are correlated. Moreover, a clear degeneracy exists between these two parameters in the case of cosmic microwave background (CMB) data. We analyze three classes of extended interacting dark energy models in light of the 2019 Planck CMB results and Cepheid-calibrated local distance ladder H-0 measurements of Riess et al. (R19), as well as recent baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) and type Ia supernovae (SNeIa) distance data. We find that in quintessence coupled dark energy models, where w > -1, the evidence for a nonzero coupling between the two dark sectors can surpass the 5 sigma significance. Moreover, for both Planck + BAO or Planck + SNeIa, we find a preference for w > -1 at about three standard deviations. Quintessence models are, therefore, in excellent agreement with current data when an interaction is considered. On the other hand, in phantom coupled dark energy models, there is no such preference for a nonzero dark sector coupling. All the models we consider significantly raise the value of the Hubble constant, easing the H-0 tension. In the interacting scenario, the disagreement between Planck thorn BAO and R19 is considerably reduced from 4.3 sigma in the case of the Lambda cold dark matter (Lambda CDM) model to about 2.5 sigma. The addition of low-redshift BAO and SNeIa measurements leaves, therefore, some residual tension with R19 but at a level that could be justified by a statistical fluctuation. Bayesian evidence considerations mildly disfavor both the coupled quintessence and phantom models, while mildly favoring a coupled vacuum scenario, even when late-time datasets are considered. We conclude that nonminimal dark energy cosmologies, such as coupled quintessence, phantom, or vacuum models, are still an interesting route toward softening existing cosmological tensions, even when low-redshift datasets and Bayesian evidence considerations are taken into account. |
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Address ![sorted by Address field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
[Di Valentino, Eleonora] Univ Manchester, Jodrell Bank Ctr Astrophys, Sch Phys & Astron, Oxford Rd, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England, Email: eleonora.divalentino@manchester.ac.uk; |
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Amer Physical Soc |
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WOS:000517964500003 |
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no |
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yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
4309 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Di Valentino, E.; Gariazzo, S.; Mena, O. |
![goto web page (via DOI) doi](img/doi.gif)
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Title |
Model marginalized constraints on neutrino properties from cosmology |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Physical Review D |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. D |
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Volume |
106 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
043540 - 9pp |
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We present robust, model-marginalized limits on both the total neutrino mass (E m1,) and abundances (Neff) to minimize the role of parametrizations, priors and models when extracting neutrino properties from cosmology. The cosmological observations we consider are cosmic microwave background temperature fluctuation and polarization measurements, supernovae Ia luminosity distances, baryon acoustic oscillation observations and determinations of the growth rate parameter from the Data Release 16 of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV. The degenerate neutrino mass spectrum (which implies the prior sigma m(1), > 0) is weakly or moderately preferred over the normal and inverted hierarchy possibilities, which imply the priors sigma m(1), > 0.06 and sigma m(1), > 0.1 eV respectively. Concerning the underlying cosmological model, the ACDM minimal scenario is almost always strongly preferred over the possible extensions explored here. The most constraining 95% CL bound on the total neutrino mass in the ACDM + sigma m(1), picture is sigma m(1), < 0.087 eV. The parameter N-eff is restricted to 3.08 +/- 0.17 (68% CL) in the ACDM + Neff model. These limits barely change when considering the ACDM + sigma m(1), + Neff scenario. Given the robustness and the strong constraining power of the cosmological measurements employed here, the model -marginalized posteriors obtained considering a large spectra of nonminimal cosmologies are very close to the previous bounds, obtained within the ACDM framework in the degenerate neutrino mass spectrum. Future cosmological measurements may improve the current Bayesian evidence favoring the degenerate neutrino mass spectra, challenging therefore the consistency between cosmological neutrino mass bounds and oscillation neutrino measurements, and potentially suggesting a more complicated cosmological model and/or neutrino sector. |
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Address ![sorted by Address field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
[Di Valentino, Eleonora] Univ Sheffield, Sch Math & Stat, Hounsfield Rd, Sheffield S3 7RH, England, Email: e.divalentino@sheffield.ac.uk; |
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Amer Physical Soc |
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2470-0010 |
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WOS:000862804700006 |
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no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5375 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Di Valentino, E.; Gariazzo, S.; Giare, W.; Melchiorri, A.; Mena, O.; Renzi, F. |
![goto web page (via DOI) doi](img/doi.gif)
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Title |
Novel model-marginalized cosmological bound on the QCD axion mass |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Physical Review D |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. D |
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Volume |
107 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
103528 - 16pp |
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Abstract |
We present model-marginalized limits on mixed hot dark matter scenarios, which consider both thermal neutrinos and thermal QCD axions. A novel aspect of our analyses is the inclusion of small-scale cosmic microwave background (CMB) observations from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) and the South Pole Telescope (SPT), together with those from the Planck satellite and baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) data. After marginalizing over a number of well-motivated nonminimal background cosmologies, the tightest 95% Confidential Level (CL) upper bound we obtain is 0.21 eV, both for P m nu and ma, from the combination of ACT, Planck and BAO measurements. Restricting the analyses to the standard ?CDM picture, we find P m nu < 0.16 eV and ma < 0.18 eV, both at 95% CL Interestingly, the best background cosmology is never found within the minimal ?CDM plus hot relics, regardless of the datasets exploited in the analyses. The combination of Planck with either BAO, SPT or ACT prefers a universe with a nonzero value of the running in the primordial power spectrum with strong evidence. Small-scale CMB probes, both alone and combined with BAO, either prefer, with substantial evidence, nonflat universes (as in the case of SPT) or a model with a time varying dark energy component (as in the case of ACT). |
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Address ![sorted by Address field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
[Di Valentino, Eleonora] Univ Sheffield, Sch Math & Stat, Hounsfield Rd, Sheffield S3 7RH, England, Email: e.divalentino@sheffield.ac.uk; |
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Amer Physical Soc |
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2470-0010 |
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WOS:000999454300009 |
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no |
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yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5554 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Di Valentino, E.; Gariazzo, S.; Giunti, C.; Mena, O.; Pan, S.; Yang, W.Q. |
![goto web page (via DOI) doi](img/doi.gif)
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Title |
Minimal dark energy: Key to sterile neutrino and Hubble constant tensions? |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Physical Review D |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. D |
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Volume |
105 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
103511 - 15pp |
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Abstract |
Minimal dark energy models, described by the same number of free parameters of the standard cosmological model with cold dark matter plus a cosmological constant to parametrize the dark energy component, constitute very appealing scenarios which may solve long-standing, pending tensions. On the one hand, they alleviate significantly the tension between cosmological observations and the presence of one sterile neutrino motivated by the short-baseline anomalies: we obtain a 95% CL cosmological bound on the mass of a fully thermalized fourth sterile neutrino (N-eff = 4) equal to m(s) < 0.65(1.3) eV within the Phenomenologically Emergent Dark Energy (PEDE) and Vacuum Metamorphosis (VM) scenarios under consideration. Interestingly, these limits are in agreement with the observations at short-baseline experiments, and the PEDE scenario is favored with respect to the Lambda CDM case when the full data combination is considered. On the other hand, the Hubble tension is satisfactorily solved in almost all the minimal dark energy schemes explored here. These phenomenological scenarios may therefore shed light on differences arising from near and far Universe probes, and also on discrepancies between cosmological and laboratory sterile neutrino searches. |
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Address ![sorted by Address field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
[Di Valentino, Eleonora] Univ Sheffield, Sch Math & Stat, Hounsfield Rd, Sheffield S3 7RH, S Yorkshire, England, Email: e.divalentino@sheffield.ac.uk; |
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Amer Physical Soc |
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2470-0010 |
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WOS:000807806300013 |
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no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5248 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Diamanti, R.; Giusarma, E.; Mena, O.; Archidiacono, M.; Melchiorri, A. |
![goto web page (via DOI) doi](img/doi.gif)
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Title |
Dark radiation and interacting scenarios |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Physical Review D |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. D |
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Volume |
87 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
063509 - 8pp |
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An extra dark radiation component can be present in the universe in the form of sterile neutrinos, axions or other very light degrees of freedom which may interact with the dark matter sector. We derive here the cosmological constraints on the dark radiation abundance, on its effective velocity and on its viscosity parameter from current data in dark radiation-dark matter coupled models. The cosmological bounds on the number of extra dark radiation species do not change significantly when considering interacting schemes. We also find that the constraints on the dark radiation effective velocity are degraded by an order of magnitude while the errors on the viscosity parameter are a factor of two larger when considering interacting scenarios. If future Cosmic Microwave Background data are analyzed assuming a noninteracting model but the dark radiation and the dark matter sectors interact in nature, the reconstructed values for the effective velocity and for the viscosity parameter will be shifted from their standard 1/3 expectation, namely c(eff)(2) = 0.34(-0.003)(+0.006) and c(vis)(2) = 0.29(-0.001)(+0.002) at 95% C.L. for the future COrE mission data. |
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Address ![sorted by Address field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
[Diamanti, Roberta] Univ Roma Tre, Dept Phys, I-00146 Rome, Italy |
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Amer Physical Soc |
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1550-7998 |
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WOS:000315739200004 |
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no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
1349 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Dias da Silva, L.F.; Lobo, F.S.N.; Olmo, G.J.; Rubiera-Garcia, D. |
![goto web page (via DOI) doi](img/doi.gif)
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Title |
Photon rings as tests for alternative spherically symmetric geometries with thin accretion disks |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Physical Review D |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. D |
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Volume |
108 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
084055 - 18pp |
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Abstract |
The imaging by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) of the supermassive central objects at the heart of the M87 and Milky Way (Sgr A*) galaxies, has marked the first step into peering at the photon rings and central brightness depression that characterize the optical appearance of black holes surrounded by an accretion disk. Recently, Vagnozzi et al. [arXiv:2205.07787] used the claim by the EHT that the size of the shadow of Sgr A* can be inferred by calibrated measurements of the bright ring enclosing it, to constrain a large number of spherically symmetric space-time geometries. In this work we use this result to study some features of the first and second photon rings of a restricted pool of such geometries in thin accretion disk settings. The emission profile of the latter is described by calling upon three analytic samples belonging to the family introduced by Gralla, Lupsasca, and Marrone, in order to characterize such photon rings using the Lyapunov exponent of nearly bound orbits and discuss its correlation with the luminosity extinction rate between the first and second photon rings. We finally elaborate on the chances of using such photon rings as observational discriminators of alternative black hole geometries using very long baseline interferometry. |
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Address ![sorted by Address field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
[Dias da Silva, Luis F.; Lobo, Francisco S. N.] Univ Lisbon, Inst Astrofis & Ciencias Espaco, Fac Ciencias, Edificio C8, P-1749016 Lisbon, Portugal, Email: fc53497@alunos.fc.ul.pt; |
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Amer Physical Soc |
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2470-0010 |
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WOS:001093442700002 |
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no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5779 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Dias, A.G.; Leite, J.; Sanchez-Vega, B.L.; Vieira, W.C. |
![goto web page (via DOI) doi](img/doi.gif)
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Title |
Dynamical symmetry breaking and fermion mass hierarchy in the scale-invariant 3-3-1 model |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Physical Review D |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. D |
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Volume |
102 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
015021 - 18pp |
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Abstract |
We propose an extension of the Standard Model (SM) based on the SU(3)(C) circle times SU(3)(L) circle times U(1)(X) (3-3-1) gauge symmetry and scale invariance. Maintaining the main features of the so-called 3-3-1 models, such as the cancellation of gauge anomalies related to the number of chiral fermion generations, this model exhibits a very compact scalar sector. Only two scalar triplets and one singlet are necessary and sufficient to break the symmetries dynamically via the Coleman-Weinberg mechanism. With the introduction of an Abelian discrete symmetry and assuming a natural hierarchy among the vacuum expectation values of the neutral scalar fields, we show that all particles in the model can get phenomenologically consistent masses. In particular, most of the standard fermion masses are generated via a seesaw mechanism involving some extra heavy fermions introduced for consistency. This mechanism provides a partial solution for the fermion mass hierarchy problem in the SM. Furthermore, the simplicity of the scalar sector allows us to analytically find the conditions for the potential stability up to one-loop level and show how they can be easily satisfied. Some of the new particles, such as the scalars H, H-+/- and all the non-SMvector bosons, are predicted to get masses around the TeV scale and, therefore, could be produced at the high-luminosity LHC. Finally, we show that the model features a residual symmetry, which leads to the stability of a heavy neutral particle; the latter is expected to show up in experiments as missing energy. |
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Address ![sorted by Address field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
[Dias, Alex G.; Leite, Julio; Vieira, William C.] Univ Fed ABC, Ctr Ciencias Nat & Humanas, BR-09210580 Santo Andre, SP, Brazil, Email: alex.dias@ufabc.edu.br; |
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Amer Physical Soc |
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English |
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1550-7998 |
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WOS:000551342000006 |
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no |
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yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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IFIC @ pastor @ |
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4469 |
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