del Rio, A., & Navarro-Salas, J. (2015). Equivalence of adiabatic and DeWitt-Schwinger renormalization schemes. Phys. Rev. D, 91(6), 064031–14pp.
Abstract: We prove that adiabatic regularization and DeWitt-Schwinger point-splitting provide the same result when renormalizing expectation values of the stress-energy tensor for spin-1/2 fields. This generalizes the equivalence found for scalar fields, which is here recovered in a different way. We also argue that the coincidence limit of the DeWitt-Schwinger proper time expansion of the two-point function agrees exactly with the analogous expansion defined by the adiabatic regularization method at any order (for both scalar and spin-1/2 fields). We also illustrate the power of the adiabatic method to compute higher order DeWitt coefficients in Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker Universes.
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del Rio, A., Sanchis-Gual, N., Mewes, V., Agullo, I., Font, J. A., & Navarro-Salas, J. (2020). Spontaneous Creation of Circularly Polarized Photons in Chiral Astrophysical Systems. Phys. Rev. Lett., 124(21), 211301–6pp.
Abstract: This work establishes a relation between chiral anomalies in curved spacetimes and the radiative content of the gravitational field. In particular, we show that a flux of circularly polarized gravitational waves triggers the spontaneous creation of photons with net circular polarization from the quantum vacuum. Using waveform catalogs, we identify precessing binary black holes as astrophysical configurations that emit such gravitational radiation and then solve the fully nonlinear Einstein's equations with numerical relativity to evaluate the net effect. The quantum amplitude for a merger is comparable to the Hawking emission rate of the final black hole and small to be directly observed. However, the implications for the inspiral of binary neutron stars could be more prominent, as argued on symmetry grounds.
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del Rio, A., & Navarro-Salas, J. (2014). Spacetime correlators of perturbations in slow-roll de Sitter inflation. Phys. Rev. D, 89(8), 084037–7pp.
Abstract: Two-point correlators and self-correlators of primordial perturbations in quasi-de Sitter spacetime backgrounds are considered. For large separations two-point correlators exhibit nearly scale invariance, while for short distances self-correlators need standard renormalization. We study the deformation of two-point correlators to smoothly match the self-correlators at coincidence. The corresponding angular power spectrum is evaluated in the Sachs-Wolfe regime of low multipoles. Scale invariance is maintained, but the amplitude of C(l)could change in a nontrivial way.
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Ferreiro, A., Nadal-Gisbert, S., & Navarro-Salas, J. (2021). Renormalization, running couplings, and decoupling for the Yukawa model in a curved spacetime. Phys. Rev. D, 104(2), 025003–8pp.
Abstract: The decoupling of heavy fields as required by the Appelquist-Carazzone theorem plays a fundamental role in the construction of any effective field theory. However, it is not a trivial task to implement a renormalization prescription that produces the expected decoupling of massive fields, and it is even more difficult in curved spacetime. Focused on this idea, we consider the renormalization of the one-loop effective action for the Yukawa interaction with a background scalar field in curved space. We compute the beta functions within a generalized DeWitt-Schwinger subtraction procedure and discuss the decoupling in the running of the coupling constants. For the case of a quantized scalar field, all the beta function exhibit decoupling, including also the gravitational ones. For a quantized Dirac field, decoupling appears almost for all the beta functions. We obtain the anomalous result that the mass of the background scalar field does not decouple.
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Ferreiro, A., Navarro-Salas, J., & Pla, S. (2018). Role of gravity in the pair creation induced by electric fields. Phys. Rev. D, 98(4), 045015–6pp.
Abstract: We analyze the pair production induced by homogenous, time-dependent electric fields in an expanding space-time background. We point out that, in obtaining the semiclassical Maxwell equations, two distinct notions of adiabatic renormalization are possible. In Minkowski space, the two recipes turn out to be equivalent. However, in the presence of gravity, only the recipe requiring an adiabatic hierarchy between the gravitational and the gauge field is consistent with the conservation of the energy-momentum tensor.
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