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Author |
Rivard, M.J.; Granero, D.; Perez-Calatayud, J.; Ballester, F. |
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Title |
Influence of photon energy spectra from brachytherapy sources on Monte Carlo simulations of kerma and dose rates in water and air |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Medical Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Med. Phys. |
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Volume |
37 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
869-876 |
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Keywords |
biomedical materials; brachytherapy; dosimetry; iodine; iridium; Monte Carlo methods; palladium; radioisotopes |
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Abstract  |
Methods: For Ir-192, I-125, and Pd-103, the authors considered from two to five published spectra. Spherical sources approximating common brachytherapy sources were assessed. Kerma and dose results from GEANT4, MCNP5, and PENELOPE-2008 were compared for water and air. The dosimetric influence of Ir-192, I-125, and Pd-103 spectral choice was determined. Results: For the spectra considered, there were no statistically significant differences between kerma or dose results based on Monte Carlo code choice when using the same spectrum. Water-kerma differences of about 2%, 2%, and 0.7% were observed due to spectrum choice for Ir-192, I-125, and Pd-103, respectively (independent of radial distance), when accounting for photon yield per Bq. Similar differences were observed for air-kerma rate. However, their ratio (as used in the dose-rate constant) did not significantly change when the various photon spectra were selected because the differences compensated each other when dividing dose rate by air-kerma strength. Conclusions: Given the standardization of radionuclide data available from the National Nuclear Data Center (NNDC) and the rigorous infrastructure for performing and maintaining the data set evaluations, NNDC spectra are suggested for brachytherapy simulations in medical physics applications. |
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Address |
[Rivard, Mark J.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Radiat Oncol, Boston, MA 02111 USA, Email: mrivard@tuftsmedicalcenter.org |
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Amer Assoc Physicists Medicine Amer Inst Physics |
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English |
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ISSN |
0094-2405 |
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Notes |
ISI:000274075600048 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ elepoucu @ |
Serial |
504 |
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Author |
Ballester, F.; Granero, D.; Perez-Calatayud, J.; Venselaar, J.L.M.; Rivard, M.J. |
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Title |
Study of encapsulated Tm-170 sources for their potential use in brachytherapy |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Medical Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Med. Phys. |
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Volume |
37 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
1629-1637 |
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Keywords |
brachytherapy; cancer; dosimetry; prosthetics; radioisotopes; thulium |
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Abstract |
Methods: The authors have assumed a theoretical Tm-170 cylindrical source encapsulated with stainless steel and typical dimensions taken from the currently available HDR Ir-192 brachytherapy sources. The dose-rate distribution was calculated for this source using the GEANT4 Monte Carlo (MC) code considering both photon and electron Tm-170 spectra. The AAPM TG-43 U1 brachytherapy dosimetry parameters were derived. To study general properties of Tm-170 encapsulated sources, spherical sources encapsulated with stainless steel and platinum were also studied. Moreover, the influence of small variations in the active core and capsule dimensions on the dosimetric characteristics was assessed. Treatment times required for a Tm-170 source were compared to those for Ir-192 and Yb-169 for the same contained activity. Results: Due to the energetic beta spectrum and the large electron yield, the bremsstrahlung contribution to the dose was of the same order of magnitude as from the emitted gammas and characteristic x rays. Moreover, the electron spectrum contribution to the dose was significant up to 4 mm from the source center compared to the photon contribution. The dose-rate constant Lambda of the cylindrical source was 1.23 cGy h(-1) U-1. The behavior of the radial dose function showed promise for applications in brachytherapy. Due to the electron spectrum, the anisotropy was large for r < 6 mm. Variations in manufacturing tolerances did not significantly influence the final dosimetry data when expressed in cGy h(-1) U-1. For typical capsule dimensions, maximum reference dose rates of about 0.2, 10, and 2 Gy min(-1) would then be obtained for Tm-170, Ir-192, and Yb-169, respectively, resulting in treatment times greater than those for HDR Ir-192 brachytherapy. Conclusions: The dosimetric characteristics of source designs exploiting the low photon energy of Tm-170 were studied for potential application in HDR-brachytherapy. Dose-rate distributions were obtained for cylindrical and simplified spherical Tm-170 source designs (stainless steel and platinum capsule materials) using MC calculations. Despite the high activity of Tm-170, calculated treatment times were much longer than for Ir-192. |
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Address |
[Ballester, Facundo] Univ Valencia, Dept Atom Mol & Nucl Phys, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain, Email: fballest@uv.es |
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Amer Assoc Physicists Medicine Amer Inst Physics |
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English |
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ISSN |
0094-2405 |
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Conference |
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Notes |
ISI:000276211200027 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ elepoucu @ |
Serial |
478 |
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Author |
MiniBooNE Collaboration (Aguilar-Arevalo, A.A. et al); Sorel, M. |
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Title |
Measurement of v(mu) and (v)over-bar(mu) induced neutral current single pi(0) production cross sections on mineral oil at E-v similar to O (1 GeV) |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Physical Review D |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. D |
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Volume |
81 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
013005 - 14pp |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
MiniBooNE reports the first absolute cross sections for neutral current single pi(0) production on CH2 induced by neutrino and antineutrino interactions measured from the largest sets of NC pi(0) events collected to date. The principal result consists of differential cross sections measured as functions of pi(0) momentum and pi(0) angle averaged over the neutrino flux at MiniBooNE. We find total cross sections of (4.76 +/- 0.05(stat) +/- 0.76(sys)) X 10(-40) cm(2)/nucleon at a mean energy of < E-v > = 808 MeV and (1.48 +/- 0.05(stat) +/- 0.23(sys)) X 10(-40) cm(2)/nucleon at a mean energy of < E-v > = 664 MeV for v(mu) and (v) over bar (mu) induced production, respectively. In addition, we have included measurements of the neutrino and antineutrino total cross sections for incoherent exclusive NC 1 pi(0) production corrected for the effects of final state interactions to compare to prior results. |
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Address |
[Aguilar-Arevalo, A. A.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ciencias Nucl, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico |
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Amer Physical Soc |
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Language |
Rumanian |
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ISSN |
1550-7998 |
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Notes |
ISI:000274002800011 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
266 |
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Author |
ATLAS Collaboration (Aad, G. et al); Amoros, G.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M.J.; Escobar, C.; Ferrer, A.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Irles Quiles, A.; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V.R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Miñano, M.; Mitsou, V.A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Perez Garcia-Estañ, M.T.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Solans, C.A.; Sanchez, J.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Valls Ferrer, J.A.; Villaplana Perez, M.; Vos, M.; Wildauer, A. |
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Title |
Performance of the ATLAS detector using first collision data |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Journal of High Energy Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. High Energy Phys. |
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Volume |
09 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
056 - 66pp |
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Keywords |
Hadron-Hadron Scattering |
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Abstract |
More than half a million minimum-bias events of LHC collision data were collected by the ATLAS experiment in December 2009 at centre-of-mass energies of 0.9 TeV and 2.36 TeV. This paper reports on studies of the initial performance of the ATLAS detector from these data. Comparisons between data and Monte Carlo predictions are shown for distributions of several track- and calorimeter-based quantities. The good performance of the ATLAS detector in these first data gives confidence for successful running at higher energies. |
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Address |
[Aad, G.; Ahles, F.; Aktas, A.; Anders, C. F.; Beckingham, M.; Bernhard, R.; Bianchi, R. M.; Bitenc, U.; Bruneliere, R.; Caron, S.; Carpentieri, C.; Christov, A.; Dahlhoff, A.; Dietrich, J.; Dingfelder, J.; Eckert, S.; Flechl, M.; Hartert, J.; Heldmann, M.; Herten, G.; Horner, S.; Jakobs, K.; Janus, M.; Joos, D.; Ketterer, C.; Koenig, S.; Kollefrath, M.; Kononov, A. I.; Kuehn, S.; Lai, S.; Landgraf, U.; Lohwasser, K.; Ludwig, I.; Ludwig, J.; Lumb, D.; Maassen, M.; Mahboubi, K.; Mazur, M.; Meinhardt, J.; Meirose, B.; Messmer, I.; Mohr, W.; Nilsen, H.; Parzefall, U.; Pfeifer, B.; Bueso, X. Portell; Rammensee, M.; Runge, K.; Rurikova, Z.; Schmidt, E.; Schroff, D.; Schumacher, M.; Stoerig, K.; Sundermann, J. E.; Thoma, S.; Tobias, J.; Venturi, M.; Vivarelli, I.; von Radziewski, H.; Warsinsky, M.; Webel, M.; Weiser, C.; Werner, M.; Wiik, L. A. M.; Xie, S.; Zimmermann, S.] Univ Freiburg, Fak Math & Phys, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany |
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Publisher |
Springer |
Place of Publication |
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English |
Summary Language |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1126-6708 |
ISBN |
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Conference |
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Notes |
ISI:000286230100001 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
302 |
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Author |
n_TOF Collaboration (Fujii, K. et al); Domingo-Pardo, C.; Tain, J.L. |
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Title |
Neutron physics of the Re/Os clock. III. Resonance analyses and stellar (n, gamma) cross sections of Os-186,Os-187,Os-188 |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Physical Review C |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. C |
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Volume |
82 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
015804 - 18pp |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
Neutron resonance analyses have been performed for the capture cross sections of Os-186, Os-187, and Os-188 measured at the n_TOF facility at CERN. Resonance parameters have been extracted up to 5, 3, and 8 keV, respectively, using the SAMMY code for a full R-matrix fit of the capture yields. From these results average resonance parameters were derived by a statistical analysis to provide a comprehensive experimental basis for modeling of the stellar neutron capture rates of these isotopes in terms of the Hauser-Feshbach statistical model. Consistent calculations for the capture and inelastic reaction channels are crucial for the evaluation of stellar enhancement factors to correct the Maxwellian averaged cross sections obtained from experimental data for the effect of thermally populated excited states. These factors have been calculated for the full temperature range of current scenarios of s-process nucleosynthesis using the combined information of the experimental data in the region of resolved resonances and in the continuum. The consequences of this analysis for the s-process component of the Os-187 abundance and the related impact on the evaluation of the time duration of galactic nucleosynthesis via the Re/Os cosmochronometer are discussed. |
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Address |
[Fujii, K.; Abbondanno, U.; Belloni, F.; Milazzo, P. M.; Moreau, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34149 Trieste, Italy, Email: Kaori.Fujii@ts.infn.it |
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Publisher |
Amer Physical Soc |
Place of Publication |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0556-2813 |
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Notes |
ISI:000279940200009 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ elepoucu @ |
Serial |
410 |
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