Arrighi, P., Di Molfetta, G., Marquez-Martin, I., & Perez, A. (2019). From curved spacetime to spacetime-dependent local unitaries over the honeycomb and triangular Quantum Walks. Sci Rep, 9, 10904–10pp.
Abstract: A discrete-time Quantum Walk (QW) is an operator driving the evolution of a single particle on the lattice, through local unitaries. In a previous paper, we showed that QWs over the honeycomb and triangular lattices can be used to simulate the Dirac equation. We apply a spacetime coordinate transformation upon the lattice of this QW, and show that it is equivalent to introducing spacetime-dependent local unitaries-whilst keeping the lattice fixed. By exploiting this duality between changes in geometry, and changes in local unitaries, we show that the spacetime-dependent QW simulates the Dirac equation in (2 + 1)-dimensional curved spacetime. Interestingly, the duality crucially relies on the non linear-independence of the three preferred directions of the honeycomb and triangular lattices: The same construction would fail for the square lattice. At the practical level, this result opens the possibility to simulate field theories on curved manifolds, via the quantum walk on different kinds of lattices.
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Arrighi, P., Di Molfetta, G., Marquez-Martin, I., & Perez, A. (2018). Dirac equation as a quantum walk over the honeycomb and triangular lattices. Phys. Rev. A, 97(6), 062111–5pp.
Abstract: A discrete-time quantum walk (QW) is essentially an operator driving the evolution of a single particle on the lattice, through local unitaries. Some QWs admit a continuum limit, leading to well-known physics partial differential equations, such as the Dirac equation. We show that these simulation results need not rely on the grid: the Dirac equation in (2 + 1) dimensions can also be simulated, through local unitaries, on the honeycomb or the triangular lattice, both of interest in the study of quantum propagation on the nonrectangular grids, as in graphene-like materials. The latter, in particular, we argue, opens the door for a generalization of the Dirac equation to arbitrary discrete surfaces.
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Adey, D. et al, Cervera-Villanueva, A., Donini, A., Ghosh, T., Gomez-Cadenas, J. J., Hernandez, P., et al. (2014). Light sterile neutrino sensitivity at the nuSTORM facility. Phys. Rev. D, 89(7), 071301–7pp.
Abstract: A facility that can deliver beams of electron and muon neutrinos from the decay of a stored muon beam has the potential to unambiguously resolve the issue of the evidence for light sterile neutrinos that arises in short-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments and from estimates of the effective number of neutrino flavors from fits to cosmological data. In this paper, we show that the nuSTORM facility, with stored muons of 3.8 GeV/c +/- 10%, will be able to carry out a conclusive muon neutrino appearance search for sterile neutrinos and test the LSND and MiniBooNE experimental signals with 10 sigma sensitivity, even assuming conservative estimates for the systematic uncertainties. This experiment would add greatly to our knowledge of the contribution of light sterile neutrinos to the number of effective neutrino flavors from the abundance of primordial helium production and from constraints on neutrino energy density from the cosmic microwave background. The appearance search is complemented by a simultaneous muon neutrino disappearance analysis that will facilitate tests of various sterile neutrino models.
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Foffa, S., Sturani, R., & Torres Bobadilla, W. J. (2021). Efficient resummation of high post-Newtonian contributions to the binding energy. J. High Energy Phys., 02(2), 165–18pp.
Abstract: A factorisation property of Feynman diagrams in the context the Effective Field Theory approach to the compact binary problem has been recently employed to efficiently determine the static sector of the potential at fifth post-Newtonian (5PN) order. We extend this procedure to the case of non-static diagrams and we use it to fix, by means of elementary algebraic manipulations, the value of more than one thousand diagrams at 5PN order, that is a substantial fraction of the diagrams needed to fully determine the dynamics at 5PN. This procedure addresses the redundancy problem that plagues the computation of the binding energy with respect to more “efficient” observables like the scattering angle, thus making the EFT approach in harmonic gauge at least as scalable as the others methods.
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Arnault, P., Di Molfetta, G., Brachet, M., & Debbasch, F. (2016). Quantum walks and non-Abelian discrete gauge theory. Phys. Rev. A, 94(1), 012335–6pp.
Abstract: A family of discrete-time quantum walks (DTQWs) on the line with an exact discrete U(N) gauge invariance is introduced. It is shown that the continuous limit of these DTQWs, when it exists, coincides with the dynamics of a Dirac fermion coupled to usual U(N) gauge fields in two-dimensional spacetime. A discrete generalization of the usual U(N) curvature is also constructed. An alternate interpretation of these results in terms of superimposed U(1) Maxwell fields and SU(N) gauge fields is discussed in the Appendix. Numerical simulations are also presented, which explore the convergence of the DTQWs towards their continuous limit and which also compare the DTQWs with classical (i.e., nonquantum) motions in classical SU(2) fields. The results presented in this paper constitute a first step towards quantum simulations of generic Yang-Mills gauge theories through DTQWs.
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Dreiner, H. K., Martin Lozano, V., Nangia, S., & Opferkuch, T. (2023). Lepton PDFs and multipurpose single-lepton searches at the LHC. Phys. Rev. D, 107(3), 035011–12pp.
Abstract: A final state consisting of one charged lepton, at least one jet, and little missing transverse energy can be a very promising signature of new physics at the LHC across a wide range of models. However, it has received only limited attention so far. In this work we discuss the potential sensitivity of this channel to various new physics scenarios. To demonstrate our point, we consider its application to lepton parton distribution functions (PDFs) at the LHC in the context of supersymmetry. These lepton PDFs can lead to resonant squark production (similar to leptoquarks) via lepton number violating couplings present in R-parity violating supersymmetry (RPV-SUSY). Unlike leptoquarks, in RPV-SUSY there are many possible decay modes leading to a wide range of signatures. We propose two generic search regions: (a) a single first or second generation charged lepton, exactly 1 jet and low missing transverse energy, and (b) a single first or second generation charged lepton, at least 3 jets, and low missing transverse energy. We demonstrate that together these cover a large range of RPV-SUSY signatures, and have the potential to perform better than existing low-energy bounds, while being general enough to extend to a wide range of possible models hitherto not explored at the LHC.
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Navarro, J., Ancilotto, F., Barranco, M., & Pi, M. (2011). Toward a Density Functional Description of Liquid pH(2). J. Phys. Chem. A, 115(25), 6910–6917.
Abstract: A finite-temperature density functional approach to describe the properties of parahydrogen in the liquid vapor coexistence region is presented. The first proposed functional is zero-range, where the density-gradient term is adjusted so as to reproduce the surface tension of the liquid vapor interface at low temperature. The second functional is finite-range and, while it is fitted to reproduce bulk pH(2) properties only, it is shown to yield surface properties in good agreement with experiments. These functionals are used to study the surface thickness of the liquid vapor interface, the wetting transition of parahydrogen on a planar Rb model surface, and homogeneous cavitation in bulk liquid pH(2).
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Traini, M., Rinaldi, M., Scopetta, S., & Vento, V. (2017). The effective cross section for double parton scattering within a holographic AdS/QCD approach. Phys. Lett. B, 768, 270–273.
Abstract: A first attempt to apply the AdS/QCD framework for a bottom-up approach to the evaluation of the effective cross section for double parton scattering in proton-proton collisions is presented. The main goal is the analytic evaluation of the dependence of the effective cross section on the longitudinal momenta of the involved partons, obtained within the holographic Soft-Wall model. If measured in high-energy processes at hadron colliders, this momentum dependence could open a new window on 2-parton correlations in a proton.
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LHCb Collaboration(Aaij, R. et al), Oyanguren, A., & Ruiz Valls, P. (2013). First Measurement of the CP-Violating Phase in B-s(0) -> phi phi Decays. Phys. Rev. Lett., 110(24), 241802–8pp.
Abstract: A first flavor-tagged measurement of the time-dependent CP-violating asymmetry in B-s(0) -> phi phi decays is presented. In this decay channel, the CP-violating weak phase arises due to CP violation in the interference between B-s(0)-(B) over bar (0)(s) mixing and the b -> s (s) over bars gluonic penguin decay amplitude. Using a sample of pp collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb(-1) and collected at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV with the LHCb detector, 880 B-s(0) -> phi phi signal decays are obtained. The CP-violating phase is measured to be in the interval [-2.46, -0.76] rad at a 68% confidence level. The p value of the standard model prediction is 16%.
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Napiralla, P. et al, & Domingo-Pardo, C. (2020). Benchmarking the PreSPEC@GSI experiment for Coulex-multipolarimetry on the pi(p3/2) -> pi(p1/2) spin-flip transition in 85Br. Eur. Phys. J. A, 56(5), 147–10pp.
Abstract: A first performance test of the Coulomb excitation multipolarimetry (Coulex-multipolarimetry) method is presented. It is based on a 85Br pp3/ 2. pp1/ 2 spinflip experiment performed as part of the PreSPEC-AGATA campaign at the GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur Schwerionen-forschung (GSI). Via determination of background levels around the expected 85Br excitations as well as measured 197Au excitations, an upper limit for the M1 transition strength of the 1/2- 1. 3/2- g.s. transition in 85Br and a lower beam time limit for upcoming experimental campaigns utilizing Coulex-multipolarimetry have been inferred. The impact of the use of AGATA in its anticipated 1p configuration on these estimates is deduced via Geant4 simulations.
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