Abstract: We present first evidence that the cosine of the CP-violating weak phase 2 beta is positive, and hence exclude trigonometric multifold solutions of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) Unitarity Triangle using a time-dependent Dalitz plot analysis of B-0 -> D-(*) h(0) with D -> K-S(0)pi(+)pi(-) decays, where h(0) is an element of {pi(0), eta, omega} denotes a light unflavored and neutral hadron. The measurement is performed combining the final data sets of the BABAR and Belle experiments collected at the (sic)(4S) resonance at the asymmetric-energy B factories PEP-II at SLAC and KEKB at KEK, respectively. The data samples contain (471 +/- 3) x 10(6) B (B) over bar pairs recorded by the BABAR detector and (772 +/- 11) x 10(6) B (B) over bar pairs recorded by the Belle detector. The results of the measurement are sin 2 beta = 0.80 +/- 0.14 (stat) +/- 0.06 (syst) +/- 0.03 (model) and cos 2 beta = 0.91 +/- 0.22(stat) +/- 0.09 (syst) +/- 0.07(model). The result for the direct measurement of the angle beta of the CKM Unitarity Triangle is beta = [22.5 +/- 4.4 (stat) +/- 1.2 (syst) +/- 0.6(model)]degrees. The measurement assumes no direct CP violation in B-0 -> D-(*) h(0) decays. The quoted model uncertainties are due to the composition of the D-0 -> K-S(0)pi(+)pi(-) decay amplitude model, which is newly established by performing a Dalitz plot amplitude analysis using a high-statistics e(+)e(-) -> c (c) over bar data sample. CP violation is observed in B-0 -> D-(*) h(0) decays at the level of 5.1 standard deviations. The significance for cos 2 beta > 0 is 3.7 standard deviations. The trigonometric multifold solution pi/2 – beta = (68.1 +/- 0.7)degrees is excluded at the level of 7.3 standard deviations. The measurement resolves an ambiguity in the determination of the apex of the CKM Unitarity Triangle.

Abstract: We propose a generalized version of the tribimaximal (TBM) ansatz for lepton mixing, leading to a nonzero reactor angle theta(13) and CP violation. The latter is characterized by two CP phases. The Dirac phase, affecting neutrino oscillations, is nearly maximal (delta(CP) similar to +/- pi/2), while the Majorana phase implies narrow allowed ranges for the neutrinoless double beta decay amplitude. The solar angle theta(12) lies nearly at its TBM value, while the atmospheric angle theta(23) has the TBM value for a maximal delta(CP). Neutrino oscillation predictions can be tested in present and upcoming experiments.

Abstract: We propose a simple theory for the idea that cosmological dark matter (DM) may be present today mainly in the form of stable neutral hadronic thermal relics. In our model, neutrino masses arise radiatively from the exchange of colored DM constituents, giving a common origin for both dark matter and neutrino mass. The exact conservation of B – L symmetry ensures dark matter stability and the Dirac nature of neutrinos. The theory can be falsified by dark matter nuclear recoil direct detection experiments, leading also to possible signals at a next generation hadron collider.

Abstract: We prove that, in any flavor transition, neutrino oscillation CP-violating asymmetries in matter have two disentangled components: (i) a CPT-odd T-invariant term, non-vanishing iff there are interactions with matter, and (ii) a T-odd CPT-invariant term, non-vanishing iff there is genuine CP violation. As function of the baseline, these two terms are distinct L-even and L-odd observables to separately test (i) matter effects sensitive to the neutrino hierarchy and (ii) genuine CP violation in the neutrino sector. For the golden nu(mu) -> nu(e) channel, the different energy distributions of the two components provide a signature of their separation. At long baselines, they show oscillations in the low and medium energy regions, with zeros at different positions and peculiar behavior around the zeros. We discover a magic energy E = (0.91 +/- 0.01) GeV at L = 1300 km with vanishing CPT-odd component and maximal genuine CP asymmetry proportional to sin delta, with delta the weak CP phase. For energies above 1.5 GeV, the sign of the CP asymmetry discriminates the neutrino hierarchy.

Abstract: We report a measurement of the lifetime of the Omega(0)(c) baryon using proton-proton collision data at center-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.0 fb(-1) collected by the LHCb experiment. The sample consists of about 1000 Omega(-)(b) -> Omega(0)(c)mu(-)nu X-mu signal decays, where the Omega(0)(c) baryon is detected in the pK(-)K(-)pi(+) thorn final state and X represents possible additional undetected particles in the decay. The Omega(0)(c) lifetime is measured to be tau(Omega c0) = 268 +/- 24 +/- 10 +/- 2 fs, where the uncertainties are statistical, systematic, and from the uncertainty in the D+ lifetime, respectively. This value is nearly four times larger than, and inconsistent with, the current world-average value.