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IDS Collaboration(Lica, R. et al), & Morales, A. I. (2018). Evolution of deformation in neutron-rich Ba isotopes up to A=150. Phys. Rev. C, 97(2), 024305–12pp.
Abstract: The occurrence of octupolar shapes in the Ba isotopic chain was recently established experimentally up to N = 90. To further extend the systematics, the evolution of shapes in the most neutron-rich members of the Z = 56 isotopic chain accessible at present, Ba-148,Ba-150, has been studied via beta decay at the ISOLDE Decay Station. This paper reports on the first measurement of the positive-and negative-parity low-spin excited states of 150Ba and presents an extension of the beta-decay scheme of Cs-148. Employing the fast timing technique, half-lives for the 2(1)(+) level in both nuclei have been determined, resulting in T-1/2 = 1.51(1) ns for Ba-148 and T-1/2 = 3.4(2) ns for Ba-150. The systematics of low-spin states, together with the experimental determination of the B(E2 : 2(+) -> 0(+)) transition probabilities, indicate an increasing collectivity in Ba148-150, towards prolate deformed shapes. The experimental data are compared to symmetry conserving configuration mixing (SCCM) calculations, confirming an evolution of increasingly quadrupole deformed shapes with a definite octupolar character.
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Cabrera, D., Hiller Blin, A. N., & Vicente Vacas, M. J. (2017). phi meson self-energy in nuclear matter from phi N resonant interactions. Phys. Rev. C, 95(1), 015201–9pp.
Abstract: The phi-meson properties in cold nuclear matter are investigated by implementing resonant phi N interactions as described in effective approaches including the unitarization of scattering amplitudes. Several N*-like states are dynamically generated in these models around 2 GeV, in the vicinity of the phi N threshold. We find that both these states and the non-resonant part of the amplitude contribute sizably to the phi collisional self-energy at finite nuclear density. These contributions are of a similar strength as the widely studied medium effects from the KK cloud. Depending on model details (position of the resonances and strength of the coupling to phi N) we report a phi broadening up to about 40-50 MeV, to be added to the phi -> KK in-medium decay width, and an attractive optical potential at threshold up to about 35 MeV at normal matter density. The phi spectral function develops a double peak structure as a consequence of the mixing of resonance-hole modes with the phi quasiparticle peak. The former results point in the direction of making up for missing absorption as reported in phi nuclear production experiments.
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LHCb Collaboration(Aaij, R. et al), Henry, L., Jashal, B. K., Martinez-Vidal, F., Oyanguren, A., Remon Alepuz, C., et al. (2022). J/psi photoproduction in Pb-Pb peripheral collisions at root S-NN=5 TeV. Phys. Rev. C, 105(3), L032201–10pp.
Abstract: The photoproduction of J/psi mesons at low transverse momentum is studied in peripheral lead-lead collisions collected by the LHCb Collaboration at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of 5 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 210 μb(-1). The J/psi candidates are reconstructed through the prompt decay into two muons of opposite charge in the rapidity region of 2.0 < y < 4.5. The results significantly improve previous measurements and are compared to the latest theoretical prediction.
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Gjestvang, D. et al, & Algora, A. (2023). Examination of how properties of a fissioning system impact isomeric yield ratios of the fragments. Phys. Rev. C, 108(6), 064602–12pp.
Abstract: The population of isomeric states in the prompt decay of fission fragments-so-called isomeric yield ratios (IYRs)-is known to be sensitive to the angular momentum J that the fragment emerged with, and may therefore contain valuable information on the mechanism behind the fission process. In this work, we investigate how changes in the fissioning system impact the measured IYRs of fission fragments to learn more about what parameters affect angular momentum generation. To enable this, a new technique for measuring IYRs is first demonstrated. It is based on the time of arrival of discrete gamma rays, and has the advantage that it enables the study of the IYR as a function of properties of the partner nucleus. This technique is used to extract the IYR of 134Te, strongly populated in actinide fission, from the three different fissioning systems: 232Th(n, f), 238U(n, f), at two different neutron energies, as well as 252Cf(sf). The impacts of changing the fissioning system, the compound nuclear excitation energy, the minimum J of the binary partner, and the number of neutrons emitted on the IYR of 134Te are determined. The decay code TALYS is used in combination with the fission simulation code FREYA to calculate the primary fragment angular momentum from the IYR. We find that the IYR of 134Te has a slope of 0.004 +/- 0.002 with increase in compound nucleus (CN) mass. When investigating the impact on the IYR of increased CN excitation energy, we find no change with an energy increase similar to the difference between thermal and fast fission. By varying the mass of the partner fragment emerging with 134Te, it is revealed that the IYR of 134Te is independent of the total amount of prompt neutrons emitted from the fragment pair. This indicates that neutrons carry minimal angular momentum away from the fission fragments. Comparisons with the FREYA+TALYS simulations reveal that the average angular momentum in 134Te following 238U(n, f) is 6.0 h over bar . This is not consistent with the value deduced from recent CGMF calculations. Finally, the IYR sensitivity to the angular momentum of the primary fragment is discussed. These results are not only important to help understanding the underlying mechanism in nuclear fission, but can also be used to constrain and benchmark fission models, and are relevant to the gamma -ray heating problem of reactors.
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Xie, J. J., Wang, E., & Zou, B. S. (2014). Role of the Delta*(1940) in the pi(+) p -> K+ Sigma(+)(1385) and pp -> nK(+) Sigma(+)(1385) reactions. Phys. Rev. C, 90(2), 025207–11pp.
Abstract: The pp -> nK(+)Sigma(+)(1385) reaction is a very good isospin 3/2 filter for studying Delta(++)* resonance decaying to K+Sigma(+)(1385). Within the effective Lagrangian method, we investigate the Sigma (1385) (spin parity J(P) = 3/2(+)) hadronic production in the pi(+) p -> K+Sigma(+)(1385) and pp -> nK(+)Sigma(+)(1385) reactions. For the pi(+) p -> K+Sigma(+)(1385) reaction, in addition to the “background” contributions from t-channel K*(0) exchange and u-channel Lambda(1115) and Sigma(0)(1193) exchange, we also consider the contribution from the s-channel Delta*(1940) resonance, which has significant coupling to the K Sigma(1385) channel. We show that the inclusion of the Delta*(1940) resonance leads to a fairly good description of the low-energy experimental total cross section data of pi(+)p -> K+Sigma(+)(1385) reaction. Basing on the study of the pi(+)p -> K+Sigma(+)(1385) reaction and with the assumption that the excitation of Delta*(1940) resonance dominates the pp -> nK(+)Sigma(+)(1385) reaction, we calculate the total and differential cross sections of the pp -> nK(+)Sigma(+)(1385) reaction. It is shown that the new experimental data support the important role played by the Delta*(1940) resonance with a mass in the region of 1940 MeV and a width of around 200 MeV. We also demonstrate that the invariant mass distribution and the Dalitz plot provide direct information of the Sigma(+)(1385) production, which can be tested by future experiments.
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n_TOF Collaboration(Mosconi, M. et al), Domingo-Pardo, C., & Tain, J. L. (2010). Neutron physics of the Re/Os clock. I. Measurement of the (n, gamma) cross sections of Os-186,Os-187,Os-188 at the CERN n_TOF facility. Phys. Rev. C, 82(1), 015802–10pp.
Abstract: The precise determination of the neutron capture cross sections of Os-186 and Os-187 is important to define the s-process abundance of Os-187 at the formation of the solar system. This quantity can be used to evaluate the radiogenic component of the abundance of Os-187 due to the decay of the unstable Re-187 (t(1/2) = 41.2 Gyr) and from this to infer the time duration of the nucleosynthesis in our galaxy (Re/Os cosmochronometer). The neutron capture cross sections of Os-186, Os-187, and Os-188 have been measured at the CERN n_TOF facility from 1 eV to 1 MeV, covering the entire energy range of astrophysical interest. The measurement has been performed by time-of-flight technique using isotopically enriched samples and two C6D6 scintillation detectors for recording the prompt. rays emitted in the capture events. Maxwellian averaged capture cross sections have been determined for thermal energies between kT = 5 and 100 keV corresponding to all possible s-process scenarios. The estimated uncertainties for the values at 30 keV are 4.1, 3.3, and 4.7% for Os-186, Os-187, and Os-188, respectively.
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Morales, A. I. et al, Agramunt, J., Algora, A., Gadea, A., Molina, F., & Rubio, B. (2011). Synthesis of N=127 isotones through (p,n) charge-exchange reactions induced by relativistic (208)Pb projectiles. Phys. Rev. C, 84(1), 011601–5pp.
Abstract: The production cross sections of four N = 127 isotones ((207)Hg, (206)Au, (205)Pt, and (204)Ir) have been measured using (p,n) charge-exchange reactions, induced in collisions of a (208)Pb primary beam at 1 A GeV with a Be target. These data allow one to investigate the use of a reaction mechanism to extend the limits of the chart of nuclides toward the important r-process nuclei in the region of the third peak of elemental abundance distribution.
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LHCb Collaboration(Aaij, R. et al), Jaimes Elles, S. J., Jashal, B. K., Martinez-Vidal, F., Oyanguren, A., Rebollo De Miguel, M., et al. (2024). Production of η and η' mesons in pp and pPb collisions. Phys. Rev. C, 109(2), 024907–20pp.
Abstract: The production of eta and eta' mesons is studied in proton -proton and proton -lead collisions collected with the LHCb detector. Proton -proton collisions are studied at center -of -mass energies of 5.02 and 13 TeV and proton -lead collisions are studied at a center -of -mass energy per nucleon of 8.16 TeV. The studies are performed in center -of -mass (c.m.) rapidity regions 2.5 < y(c.m.) < 3.5 (forward rapidity) and -4.0 < y(c.m.) < -3.0 (backward rapidity) defined relative to the proton beam direction. The eta and eta' production cross sections are measured differentially as a function of transverse momentum for 1.5 < p(T) < 10 GeV and 3 < p(T) < 10 GeV, respectively. The differential cross sections are used to calculate nuclear modification factors. The nuclear modification factors for eta and eta' mesons agree at both forward and backward rapidity, showing no significant evidence of mass dependence. The differential cross sections of eta mesons are also used to calculate eta/pi 0 cross-section ratios, which show evidence of a deviation from the world average. These studies offer new constraints on mass -dependent nuclear effects in heavy -ion collisions, as well as eta and eta' meson fragmentation.
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n_TOF Collaboration(Wright, T. et al), Domingo-Pardo, C., Giubrone, G., Tain, J. L., & Tarifeño-Saldivia, A. (2017). Measurement of the U-238(n,gamma) cross section up to 80 keV with the Total Absorption Calorimeter at the CERN n_TOF facility. Phys. Rev. C, 96(6), 064601–11pp.
Abstract: The radiative capture cross section of a highly pure (99.999%), 6.125(2) grams and 9.56(5) x 10(-4) atoms/barn areal density U-238 sample has been measured with the Total Absorption Calorimeter (TAC) in the 185 m flight path at the CERN neutron time-of-flight facility n_TOF. This measurement is in response to the NEA High Priority Request list, which demands an accuracy in this cross section of less than 3% below 25 keV. These data have undergone careful background subtraction, with special care being given to the background originating from neutrons scattered by the 238U sample. Pileup and dead-time effects have been corrected for. The measured cross section covers an energy range between 0.2 eV and 80 keV, with an accuracy that varies with neutron energy, being better than 4% below 25 keV and reaching at most 6% at higher energies.
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Nacher, E., Rubio, B., Algora, A., Cano-Ott, D., Tain, J. L., Gadea, A., et al. (2016). Observations of the Gamow-Teller resonance in the rare-earth nuclei above Gd-146 populated in beta decay. Phys. Rev. C, 93(1), 014308–13pp.
Abstract: The rare-earth region of the nuclear table around the quasi-doubly magic nucleus Gd-146 is one of the very few places in which the Gamow-Teller (GT) resonance can be populated in beta decay. The appropriate technique to study such a phenomenon is total absorption spectroscopy, thanks to which one can measure the B(GT) distribution in beta-decay experiments even when it is very fragmented and lies at high excitation energy in the daughter nucleus. Results on the GT resonance measured in the beta decay of the odd-Z, N = 83 nuclei Tb-148, Ho-150, and Tm-152 are presented in this work and compared with shell-model calculations. The tail of the resonance is clearly observed up to the limit imposed by the Q value. This observation is important in the context of the understanding of the “quenching” of the GT strength.
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