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Author |
Esposito, R. et al; Domingo-Pardo, C. |
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Title |
Design of the third-generation lead-based neutron spallation target for the neutron time-of-flight facility at CERN |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Physical Review Accelerators and Beams |
Abbreviated Journal  |
Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams |
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Volume |
24 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
093001 - 17pp |
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Abstract |
The neutron time-of-flight (n_TOF) facility at the European Laboratory for Particle Physics (CERN) is a pulsed white-spectrum neutron spallation source producing neutrons for two experimental areas: the Experimental Area 1 (EAR1), located 185 m horizontally from the target, and the Experimental Area 2 (EAR2), located 20 m above the target. The target, based on pure lead, is impacted by a high-intensity 20-GeV/c pulsed proton beam. The facility was conceived to study neutron-nucleus interactions for neutron kinetic energies between a few meV to several GeV, with applications of interest for nuclear astrophysics, nuclear technology, and medical research. After the second-generation target reached the end of its lifetime, the facility underwent a major upgrade during CERN's Long Shutdown 2 (LS2, 2019-2021), which included the installation of the new third-generation neutron target. The first- and second-generation targets were based on water-cooled massive lead blocks and were designed focusing on EAR1, since EAR2 was built later. The new target is cooled by nitrogen gas to avoid erosion-corrosion and contamination of cooling water with radioactive lead spallation products. Moreover, the new design is optimized also for the vertical flight path and EAR2. This paper presents an overview of the target design focused on both physics and thermomechanical performance, and includes a description of the nitrogen cooling circuit and radiation protection studies. |
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Address |
[Esposito, R.; Calviani, M.; Aberle, O.; Barbagallo, M.; Coiffet, T.; Dragoni, F.; Ximenes, R. Franqueira; Giordanino, L.; Grenier, D.; Kershaw, K.; Maire, V.; Moyret, P.; Fontenla, A. Perez; Perillo-Marcone, A.; Pozzi, F.; Sgobba, S.; Timmins, M.; Vlachoudis, V.] European Lab Particle Phys CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland, Email: raffaele.esposito@cern.ch; |
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Amer Physical Soc |
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English |
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WOS:000696029700001 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
4963 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
n_TOF Collaboration (Lederer, C. et al); Domingo-Pardo, C.; Tain, J.L. |
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Title |
Au-197(n,gamma) cross section in the unresolved resonance region |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Physical Review C |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. C |
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Volume |
83 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
034608 - 11pp |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
The cross section of the reaction Au-197(n,gamma) was measured with the time-of-flight technique at the n_TOF (neutron time-of-flight) facility in the unresolved resonance region between 5 and 400 keV using a pair of C6D6 (where D denotes H-2) liquid scintillators for the detection of prompt capture gamma rays. The results with a total uncertainty of 3.9%-6.7% for a resolution of 20 bins per energy decade show fair agreement with the Evaluated Nuclear Data File Version B-VII.0 (ENDF/B-VII.0), which contains the standard evaluation. The Maxwellian-averaged cross section (MACS) at 30 keV is in excellent agreement with the one according to the ENDF/B-VII.0 evaluation and 4.7% higher than the MACS measured independently by activation technique. Structures in the cross section, which had also been reported earlier, have been interpreted as being due to clusters of resonances. |
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Address |
[Colonna, N.; Barbagallo, M.; Marrone, S.; Tagliente, G.; Terlizzi, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy, Email: claudia.lederer@univie.ac.at |
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Amer Physical Soc |
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0556-2813 |
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Conference |
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Notes |
ISI:000288511800004 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
550 |
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Author |
n_TOF Collaboration (Paradela, C. et al); Domingo-Pardo, C.; Tain, J.L. |
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Title |
Neutron-induced fission cross section of U-234 and Np-237 measured at the CERN Neutron Time-of-Flight (n_TOF) facility |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Physical Review C |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. C |
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Volume |
82 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
034601 - 11pp |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
A high-resolution measurement of the neutron-induced fission cross section of U-234 and Np-237 has been performed at the CERN Neutron Time-of-Flight facility. The cross sections have been determined in a wide energy range from 1 eV to 1 GeV using the evaluated U-235 cross section as reference. In these measurements the energy determination for the U-234 resonances could be improved, whereas previous discrepancies for the Np-237 resonances were confirmed. New cross-section data are provided for high neutron energies that go beyond the limits of prior evaluations, obtaining important differences in the case of Np-237. |
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Address |
[Paradela, C.; Duran, I.; Tarrio, D.; Alvarez, H.] Univ Santiago de Compostela, Santiago De Compostela, Spain, Email: carlos.paradela@usc.es |
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Amer Physical Soc |
Place of Publication |
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English |
Summary Language |
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Series Editor |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0556-2813 |
ISBN |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
ISI:000281651400002 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ elepoucu @ |
Serial |
382 |
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Author |
n_TOF Collaboration (Tarrio D. et al.); Domingo-Pardo, C.; Tain, J.L. |
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Title |
Neutron-induced fission cross section of Pb-nat and Bi-209 from threshold to 1 GeV: An improved parametrization |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Physical Review C |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. C |
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Volume |
83 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
044620 - 9pp |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
Neutron-induced fission cross sections for Pb-nat and Bi-209 were measured with a white-spectrum neutron source at the CERN Neutron Time-of-Flight (n_TOF) facility. The experiment, using neutrons from threshold up to 1 GeV, provides the first results for these nuclei above 200 MeV. The cross sections were measured relative to U-235 and U-238 in a dedicated fission chamber with parallel plate avalanche counter detectors. Results are compared with previous experimental data. Upgraded parametrizations of the cross sections are presented, from threshold energy up to 1 GeV. The proposed new sets of fitting parameters improve former results along the whole energy range. |
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Address |
[Tarrio, D.; Duran, I.; Paradela, C.] Univ Santiago de Compostela, Santiago De Compostela, Spain, Email: diego.tarrio@usc.es |
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Amer Physical Soc |
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English |
Summary Language |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0556-2813 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
ISI:000290163300003 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
617 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
n_TOF Collaboration (Mosconi, M. et al); Domingo-Pardo, C.; Tain, J.L. |
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Title |
Neutron physics of the Re/Os clock. I. Measurement of the (n, gamma) cross sections of Os-186,Os-187,Os-188 at the CERN n_TOF facility |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Physical Review C |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. C |
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Volume |
82 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
015802 - 10pp |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
The precise determination of the neutron capture cross sections of Os-186 and Os-187 is important to define the s-process abundance of Os-187 at the formation of the solar system. This quantity can be used to evaluate the radiogenic component of the abundance of Os-187 due to the decay of the unstable Re-187 (t(1/2) = 41.2 Gyr) and from this to infer the time duration of the nucleosynthesis in our galaxy (Re/Os cosmochronometer). The neutron capture cross sections of Os-186, Os-187, and Os-188 have been measured at the CERN n_TOF facility from 1 eV to 1 MeV, covering the entire energy range of astrophysical interest. The measurement has been performed by time-of-flight technique using isotopically enriched samples and two C6D6 scintillation detectors for recording the prompt. rays emitted in the capture events. Maxwellian averaged capture cross sections have been determined for thermal energies between kT = 5 and 100 keV corresponding to all possible s-process scenarios. The estimated uncertainties for the values at 30 keV are 4.1, 3.3, and 4.7% for Os-186, Os-187, and Os-188, respectively. |
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Address |
[Mosconi, M.; Domingo-Pardo, C.; Kaeppeler, F.; Audouin, L.; Bisterzo, S.; Dillmann, I.; Heil, M.; Plag, R.; Voss, F.; Walter, S.; Wisshak, K.] KIT, Inst Kernphys, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany, Email: Marita.Mosconi@ptb.de |
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Amer Physical Soc |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0556-2813 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
ISI:000279940200007 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ elepoucu @ |
Serial |
409 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
n_TOF Collaboration (Fujii, K. et al); Domingo-Pardo, C.; Tain, J.L. |
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Title |
Neutron physics of the Re/Os clock. III. Resonance analyses and stellar (n, gamma) cross sections of Os-186,Os-187,Os-188 |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Physical Review C |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. C |
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Volume |
82 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
015804 - 18pp |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
Neutron resonance analyses have been performed for the capture cross sections of Os-186, Os-187, and Os-188 measured at the n_TOF facility at CERN. Resonance parameters have been extracted up to 5, 3, and 8 keV, respectively, using the SAMMY code for a full R-matrix fit of the capture yields. From these results average resonance parameters were derived by a statistical analysis to provide a comprehensive experimental basis for modeling of the stellar neutron capture rates of these isotopes in terms of the Hauser-Feshbach statistical model. Consistent calculations for the capture and inelastic reaction channels are crucial for the evaluation of stellar enhancement factors to correct the Maxwellian averaged cross sections obtained from experimental data for the effect of thermally populated excited states. These factors have been calculated for the full temperature range of current scenarios of s-process nucleosynthesis using the combined information of the experimental data in the region of resolved resonances and in the continuum. The consequences of this analysis for the s-process component of the Os-187 abundance and the related impact on the evaluation of the time duration of galactic nucleosynthesis via the Re/Os cosmochronometer are discussed. |
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Address |
[Fujii, K.; Abbondanno, U.; Belloni, F.; Milazzo, P. M.; Moreau, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34149 Trieste, Italy, Email: Kaori.Fujii@ts.infn.it |
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Corporate Author |
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Publisher |
Amer Physical Soc |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0556-2813 |
ISBN |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
ISI:000279940200009 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ elepoucu @ |
Serial |
410 |
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Author |
n_TOF Collaboration (Tagliente, G. et al.); Domingo-Pardo, C.; Tain, J.L. |
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Title |
The Zr-92(n,gamma) reaction and its implications for stellar nucleosynthesis |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Physical Review C |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. C |
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Volume |
81 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
055801 - 9pp |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
Because the relatively small neutron capture cross sections of the zirconium isotopes are difficult to measure, the results of previous measurements are often not adequate for a number of problems in astrophysics and nuclear technology. Therefore, the Zr-92(n,gamma) cross section has been remeasured at the CERN n_TOF facility, providing a set of improved parameters for 44 resonances in the neutron energy range up to 40 keV. With this information the cross-section uncertainties in the keV region could be reduced to 5% as required for s-process nucleosynthesis studies and technological applications. |
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Address |
[Tagliente, G.; Colonna, N.; Marrone, S.; Terlizzi, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy, Email: giuseppe.tagliente@ba.infn.it |
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Publisher |
Amer Physical Soc |
Place of Publication |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0556-2813 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
ISI:000278144800074 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ elepoucu @ |
Serial |
444 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
n_TOF Collaboration (Massimi, C. et al); Domingo-Pardo, C.; Tain, J.L. |
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Title |
Au-197(n,gamma) cross section in the resonance region |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Physical Review C |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. C |
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Volume |
81 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
044616 - 22pp |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
The (n,gamma) cross section of Au-197 has been measured at nTOF in the resolved resonance region, up to 5 keV, with the aim of improving the accuracy in an energy range where it is not yet considered standard. The measurements were performed with two different experimental setup and detection techniques, the total energy method based on C6D6 detectors, and the total absorption calorimetry based on a 4 pi BaF2 array. By comparing the data collected with the two techniques, two accurate sets of neutron-capture yields have been obtained, which could be the basis for a new evaluation leading to an extended cross-section standard. Overall good agreement is found between the n_TOF results and evaluated cross sections, with some significant exceptions for small resonances. A few resonances not included in the existing databases have also been observed. |
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Address |
[Domingo-Pardo, C.] GSI Helmholtzzentrum Schwerionenforsch GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany, Email: c.domingopardo@gsi.de |
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Publisher |
Amer Physical Soc |
Place of Publication |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0556-2813 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
ISI:000277209500051 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ elepoucu @ |
Serial |
463 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
n_TOF Collaboration (Tagliente, G. et al.); Domingo-Pardo, C.; Tain, J.L. |
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Title |
Neutron capture on (94)Zr: Resonance parameters and Maxwellian-averaged cross sections |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Physical Review C |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. C |
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Volume |
84 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
015801 - 9pp |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
The neutron capture cross sections of the Zr isotopes play an important role in nucleosynthesis studies. The s-process reaction flow between the Fe seed and the heavier isotopes passes through the neutron magic nucleus (90)Zr and through (91,92,93,94)Zr, but only part of the flow extends to (96)Zr because of the branching point at (95)Zr. Apart from their effect on the s-process flow, the comparably small isotopic (n, gamma) cross sections make Zr also an interesting structural material for nuclear reactors. The (94)Zr (n, gamma) cross section has been measured with high resolution at the spallation neutron source n_TOF at CERN and resonance parameters are reported up to 60 keV neutron energy. |
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Address |
[Tagliente, G; Colonna, N; Marrone, S; Terlizzi, R] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy, Email: giuseppe.tagliente@ba.infn.it |
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Publisher |
Amer Physical Soc |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0556-2813 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000292767200010 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
687 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Dillmann, I.; Coquard, L.; Domingo-Pardo, C.; Kappeler, F.; Marganiec, J.; Uberseder, E.; Giesen, U.; Heiske, A.; Feinberg, G.; Hentschel, D.; Hilpp, S.; Leiste, H.; Rauscher, T.; Thielemann, F.K. |
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Title |
Cross sections for proton-induced reactions on Pd isotopes at energies relevant for the gamma process |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Physical Review C |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. C |
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Volume |
84 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
015802 - 11pp |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
Proton-activation reactions on natural and enriched palladium samples were investigated via the activation technique in the energy range of E(p) = 2.75-9 MeV, close to the upper end of the respective Gamow window of the. process. We have determined cross sections for (102)Pd(p,gamma)(103)Ag, (104)Pd(p,gamma)(105)Ag, and (105)Pd(p,n)(105)Ag, as well as partial cross sections of (104)Pd(p,n)(104)Ag(g), (105)Pd(p,gamma)(106)Ag(m), (106)Pd(p,n)(106)Ag(m), and (110)Pd(p,n)(110)Ag(m) with uncertainties between 3% and 15% for constraining theoretical Hauser-Feshbach rates and for direct use in gamma-process calculations. |
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Address |
[Dillmann, I; Coquard, L; Domingo-Pardo, C; Kappeler, F; Marganiec, J; Uberseder, E] KIT, Inst Kernphys, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany, Email: i.dillmann@gsi.de |
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Corporate Author |
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Publisher |
Amer Physical Soc |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0556-2813 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000292875300003 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ elepoucu @ |
Serial |
748 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
