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Author |
Granero, D.; Vijande, J.; Ballester, F.; Rivard, M.J. |
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Title |
Dosimetry revisited for the HDR Ir-192 brachytherapy source model mHDR-v2 |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Medical Physics |
Abbreviated Journal  |
Med. Phys. |
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Volume |
38 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
487-494 |
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Keywords |
Ir-192; brachytherapy; dosimetry; TG-43; PSS model; MCNP5; PENELOPE2008; GEANT4 |
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Abstract |
Purpose: Recently, the manufacturer of the HDR Ir-192 mHDR-v2 brachytherapy source reported small design changes (referred to herein as mHDR-v2r) that are within the manufacturing tolerances but may alter the existing dosimetric data for this source. This study aimed to (1) check whether these changes affect the existing dosimetric data published for this source; (2) obtain new dosimetric data in close proximity to the source, including the contributions from 192Ir electrons and considering the absence of electronic equilibrium; and (3) obtain scatter dose components for collapsed cone treatment planning system implementation. Methods: Three different Monte Carlo (MC) radiation transport codes were used: MCNP5, PENELOPE2008, and GEANT4. The source was centrally positioned in a 40 cm radius water phantom. Absorbed dose and collision kerma were obtained using 0.1 mm (0.5 mm) thick voxels to provide high-resolution dosimetry near (far from) the source. Dose-rate distributions obtained with the three MC codes were compared. Results: Simulations of mHDR-v2 and mHDR-v2r designs performed with three radiation transport codes showed agreement typically within 0.2% for r >= 0.25 cm. Dosimetric contributions from source electrons were significant for r<0.25 cm. The dose-rate constant and radial dose function were similar to those from previous MC studies of the mHDR-v2 design. The 2D anisotropy function also coincided with that of the mHDR-v2 design for r >= 0.25 cm. Detailed results of dose distributions and scatter components are presented for the modified source design. Conclusions: Comparison of these results to prior MC studies showed agreement typically within 0.5% for r >= 0.25 cm. If dosimetric data for r<0.25 cm are not needed, dosimetric results from the prior MC studies will be adequate. c 2011 American Association of Physicists in Medicine. |
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Address |
[Granero, Domingo] Hosp Gen Univ, Dept Radiat Phys, ERESA, E-46014 Valencia, Spain, Email: dgranero@eresa.com |
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Amer Assoc Physicists Medicine Amer Inst Physics |
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English |
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ISSN |
0094-2405 |
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Notes |
ISI:000285769800050 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
557 |
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Author |
Ancilotto, F.; Barranco, M.; Navarro, J.; Pi, M. |
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Title |
Cavitation of electron bubbles in liquid parahydrogen |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Molecular Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Mol. Phys. |
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Volume |
109 |
Issue |
23-24 |
Pages |
2757-2762 |
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Keywords |
liquid parahydrogen; electron bubbles; density functional theory; capillary approximation |
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Abstract |
Within a finite-temperature density functional approach, we have investigated the structure of electron bubbles in liquid parahydrogen below the saturated vapour pressure, determining the critical pressure at which electron bubbles explode as a function of temperature. The electron-parahydrogen interaction has been modelled by a Hartree-type local potential fitted to the experimental value of the conduction band-edge for a delocalized electron in pH(2). We have found that the pressure for bubble explosion is, in absolute value, about a factor of two smaller than that of the homogeneous cavitation pressure in the liquid. Comparison with the results obtained within the capillary model shows the limitations of this approximation, especially as temperature increases. |
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Address |
[Barranco, Manuel; Pi, Marti] Univ Barcelona, Fac Fis, Dept ECM, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain, Email: manuel@ecm.ub.es |
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Taylor & Francis Ltd |
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English |
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0026-8976 |
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Notes |
WOS:000299109300007 |
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no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
930 |
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Author |
ATLAS Collaboration (Aad, G. et al); Amoros, G.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M.J.; Escobar, C.; Ferrer, A.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Irles Quiles, A.; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V.R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Miñano, M.; Mitsou, V.A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Perez Garcia-Estañ, M.T.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Solans, C.A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Valls Ferrer, J.A.; Villaplana Perez, M.; Vos, M.; Wildauer, A. |
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Title |
Measurement of the inelastic proton-proton cross-section at sqrt(s)=7 TeV with the ATLAS detector |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Nature Communications |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nat. Commun. |
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Volume |
2 |
Issue |
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Pages |
463 - 14pp |
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Abstract |
The dependence of the rate of proton-proton interactions on the centre-of-mass collision energy, root s, is of fundamental importance for both hadron collider physics and particle astrophysics. The dependence cannot yet be calculated from first principles; therefore, experimental measurements are needed. Here we present the first measurement of the inelastic proton-proton interaction cross-section at a centre-of-mass energy, root s, of 7 TeV using the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Events are selected by requiring hits on scintillation counters mounted in the forward region of the detector. An inelastic crosssection of 60.3 +/- 2.1 mb is measured for xi > 5x10(-6), where xi is calculated from the invariant mass, M(X), of hadrons selected using the largest rapidity gap in the event. For diffractive events, this corresponds to requiring at least one of the dissociation masses to be larger than 15.7 GeV. |
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Address |
[Bechtle, P; Kuutmann, EB; Boehler, M; Ehrenfeld, W; Ferrara, V; Fischer, G; Glazov, A; Goebel, M; Fajardo, LSG; Da Costa, JGPF; Gosdzik, B; Gregor, IM; Hiller, KH; Hristova, I; Husemann, U; Belenguer, MJ; Johnert, S; Karnevskiy, M; Katzy, J; Kono, T; Lankford, AJ; Lobodzinska, E; Ludwig, D; Mattig, S; Medinnis, M; Mijovic, L; Monig, K; Naumann, T; Nozicka, M; Cavalcanti, TP; Petschull, D; Piec, SM; Placakyte, R; Qin, Z; Rubinskiy, I; Stelzer, HJ; Tackmann, K; Terwort, M; Vankov, P; Viti, M; Wildt, MA; Zhu, H] DESY, D-2000 Hamburg, Germany, Email: atlas.publications@cern.ch |
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Nature Publishing Group |
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English |
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ISSN |
2041-1723 |
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Notes |
WOS:000294807200005 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ elepoucu @ |
Serial |
758 |
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Author |
Cederwall, B. et al; Algora, A.; Gadea, A. |
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Title |
Evidence for a spin-aligned neutron-proton paired phase from the level structure of Pd-92 |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Nature |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nature |
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Volume |
469 |
Issue |
7328 |
Pages |
68-71 |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
Shell structure and magic numbers in atomic nuclei were generally explained by pioneering work(1) that introduced a strong spin-orbit interaction to the nuclear shell model potential. However, knowledge of nuclear forces and the mechanisms governing the structure of nuclei, in particular far from stability, is still incomplete. In nuclei with equal neutron and proton numbers (N = Z), enhanced correlations arise between neutrons and protons (two distinct types of fermions) that occupy orbitals with the same quantum numbers. Such correlations have been predicted to favour an unusual type of nuclear superfluidity, termed isoscalar neutron-proton pairing(2-6), in addition to normal isovector pairing. Despite many experimental efforts, these predictions have not been confirmed. Here we report the experimental observation of excited states in the N = Z = 46 nucleus Pd-92. Gamma rays emitted following the Ni-58(Ar-36,2n)Pd-92 fusion-evaporation reaction were identified using a combination of state-of-the-art high-resolution c-ray, charged-particle and neutron detector systems. Our results reveal evidence for a spin-aligned, isoscalar neutron-proton coupling scheme, different from the previous prediction(2-6). We suggest that this coupling scheme replaces normal superfluidity (characterized by seniority coupling(7,8)) in the ground and low-lying excited states of the heaviest N = Z nuclei. Such strong, isoscalar neutron-proton correlations would have a considerable impact on the nuclear level structure and possibly influence the dynamics of rapid proton capture in stellar nucleosynthesis. |
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Address |
[Cederwall, B.; Moradi, F. Ghazi; Back, T.; Johnson, A.; Blomqvist, J.; Andgren, K.; Lagergren, K.; Liotta, R.; Qi, C.; Hadinia, B.; Khaplanov, A.; Persson, A.; Sandzelius, M.] Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden, Email: cederwall@nuclear.kth.se |
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Publisher |
Nature Publishing Group |
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English |
Summary Language |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0028-0836 |
ISBN |
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Notes |
ISI:000285921600032 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
588 |
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Author |
Mayoral, C.; Recati, A.; Fabbri, A.; Parentani, R.; Balbinot, R.; Carusotto, I. |
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Title |
Acoustic white holes in flowing atomic Bose-Einstein condensates |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
New Journal of Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
New J. Phys. |
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Volume |
13 |
Issue |
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Pages |
025007 - 29pp |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
We study acoustic white holes in a steadily flowing atomic Bose-Einstein condensate. A white hole configuration is obtained when the flow velocity goes from a super-sonic value in the upstream region to a sub-sonic one in the downstream region. The scattering of phonon wavepackets on a white hole horizon is numerically studied in terms of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation of mean-field theory: dynamical stability of the acoustic white hole is found, as well as a signature of a nonlinear back-action of the incident phonon wavepacket onto the horizon. The correlation pattern of density fluctuations is numerically studied by means of the truncated-Wigner method, which includes quantum fluctuations. Signatures of the white hole radiation of correlated phonon pairs by the horizon are characterized; analogies and differences with Hawking radiation from acoustic black holes are discussed. In particular, a short wavelength feature is identified in the density correlation function, whose amplitude steadily grows in time since the formation of the horizon. The numerical observations are quantitatively interpreted by means of an analytical Bogoliubov theory of quantum fluctuations for a white hole configuration within the step-like horizon approximation. |
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Address |
[Recati, Alessio; Carusotto, Iacopo] Univ Trent, INO CNR BEC Ctr, I-38123 Povo, Italy, Email: carusott@science.unitn.it |
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Publisher |
Iop Publishing Ltd |
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English |
Summary Language |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1367-2630 |
ISBN |
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Notes |
ISI:000287855400003 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
556 |
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