|
Forconi, M., Giare, W., Mena, O., Ruchika, Di Valentino, E., Melchiorri, A., et al. (2024). A double take on early and interacting dark energy from JWST. J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys., 05(5), 097–37pp.
Abstract: The very first light captured by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) revealed a population of galaxies at very high redshifts more massive than expected in the canonical Lambda CDM model of structure formation. Barring, among others, a systematic origin of the issue, in this paper, we test alternative cosmological perturbation histories. We argue that models with a larger matter component ohm m and/or a larger scalar spectral index n s can substantially improve the fit to JWST measurements. In this regard, phenomenological extensions related to the dark energy sector of the theory are appealing alternatives, with Early Dark Energy emerging as an excellent candidate to explain (at least in part) the unexpected JWST preference for larger stellar mass densities. Conversely, Interacting Dark Energy models, despite producing higher values of matter clustering parameters such as sigma 8 , are generally disfavored by JWST measurements. This is due to the energy -momentum flow from the dark matter to the dark energy sector, implying a smaller matter energy density. Upcoming observations may either strengthen the evidence or falsify some of these appealing phenomenological alternatives to the simplest Lambda CDM picture.
|
|
|
Di Valentino, E., Gariazzo, S., Giare, W., & Mena, O. (2023). Impact of the damping tail on neutrino mass constraints. Phys. Rev. D, 108(8), 083509–11pp.
Abstract: Model-independent mass limits assess the robustness of current cosmological measurements of the neutrino mass scale. Consistency between high-multipole and low-multiple cosmic microwave background observations measuring such scale further valuates the constraining power of present data. We derive here up-to-date limits on neutrino masses and abundances exploiting either the Data Release 4 of the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) or the South Pole Telescope polarization measurements from SPT-3G, envisaging different nonminimal background cosmologies and marginalizing over them. By combining these high-l observations with supernova Ia, baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO), redshift space distortions (RSD) and a prior on the reionization optical depth fromWMAP data, we find that the marginalized bounds are competitive with those from Planck analyses. We obtain Sigma m(nu) < 0.139 eV and N-eff = 2.82 +/- 0.25 in a dark energy quintessence scenario, both at 95% CL. These limits translate into Sigma m(nu) < 0.20 eV and N-eff = 2.79(-0.28)(+0.30) after marginalizing over a plethora of well-motivated fiducial models. Our findings reassess both the strength and the reliability of cosmological neutrino mass constraints.
|
|
|
Giare, W., Mena, O., & Di Valentino, E. (2023). Lensing impact on cosmic relics and tensions. Phys. Rev. D, 108(10), 103539–9pp.
Abstract: Cosmological bounds on neutrinos and additional hypothetical light thermal relics, such as QCD axions, are currently among the most restrictive ones. These limits mainly rely on cosmic microwave background temperature anisotropies. Nonetheless, one of the largest cosmological signatures of thermal relics is that on gravitational lensing, due to their free-streaming behavior before their nonrelativistic period. We investigate late-time only hot-relic mass constraints, primarily based on recently released lensing data from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope, both alone and in combination with lensing data from the Planck satellite. Additionally, we consider other local probes, such as baryon acoustic oscillations measurements, shear-shear, galaxy-galaxy, and galaxy-shear correlation functions from the dark energy survey, and distance moduli measurements from Type-Ia Supernovae. The tightest bounds we find are Sigma m(v) < 0.43 eV and m(a) < 1.1 eV, both at 95% CL Interestingly, these limits are still much stronger than those found on e.g., laboratory neutrino mass searches, reassessing the robustness of the extraction of thermal relic properties via cosmological observations. In addition, when considering lensing-only data, the significance of the Hubble constant tension is considerably reduced, while the clustering parameter sigma 8 controversy is completely absent.
|
|
|
Zhai, Y. J., Giare, W., van de Bruck, C., Di Valentino, E., Mena, O., & Nunes, R. C. (2023). A consistent view of interacting dark energy from multiple CMB probes. J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys., 07(7), 032–16pp.
Abstract: We analyze a cosmological model featuring an interaction between dark energy and dark matter in light of the measurements of the Cosmic Microwave Background released by three independent experiments: the most recent data by the Planck satellite and the Atacama Cosmology Telescope, and WMAP (9-year data). We show that different combinations of the datasets provide similar results, always favoring an interacting dark sector with a 95% C.L. significance in the majority of the cases. Remarkably, such a preference remains consistent when cross-checked through independent probes, while always yielding a value of the expansion rate H0 consistent with the local distance ladder measurements. We investigate the source of this preference by scrutinizing the angular power spectra of temperature and polarization anisotropies as measured by different experiments.
|
|
|
Di Valentino, E., Gariazzo, S., Giare, W., Melchiorri, A., Mena, O., & Renzi, F. (2023). Novel model-marginalized cosmological bound on the QCD axion mass. Phys. Rev. D, 107(10), 103528–16pp.
Abstract: We present model-marginalized limits on mixed hot dark matter scenarios, which consider both thermal neutrinos and thermal QCD axions. A novel aspect of our analyses is the inclusion of small-scale cosmic microwave background (CMB) observations from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) and the South Pole Telescope (SPT), together with those from the Planck satellite and baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) data. After marginalizing over a number of well-motivated nonminimal background cosmologies, the tightest 95% Confidential Level (CL) upper bound we obtain is 0.21 eV, both for P m nu and ma, from the combination of ACT, Planck and BAO measurements. Restricting the analyses to the standard ?CDM picture, we find P m nu < 0.16 eV and ma < 0.18 eV, both at 95% CL Interestingly, the best background cosmology is never found within the minimal ?CDM plus hot relics, regardless of the datasets exploited in the analyses. The combination of Planck with either BAO, SPT or ACT prefers a universe with a nonzero value of the running in the primordial power spectrum with strong evidence. Small-scale CMB probes, both alone and combined with BAO, either prefer, with substantial evidence, nonflat universes (as in the case of SPT) or a model with a time varying dark energy component (as in the case of ACT).
|
|