Rocha-Moran, P., & Vicente, A. (2019). Lepton flavor violation in a Z ' model for the b -> s anomalies. Phys. Rev. D, 99(3), 035016–10pp.
Abstract: In recent years, several observables associated to semileptonic b -> s processes have been found to depart from their predicted values in the Standard Model, including a few tantalizing hints of lepton flavor universality violation. In this work, we consider an existing model with a massive Z' boson that addresses the anomalies in b -> s transitions and extend it with a nontrivial embedding of neutrino masses. We analyze lepton flavor-violating effects, induced by the nonuniversal interaction associated to the b -> s anomalies and by the new physics associated to the neutrino mass generation, and determine the expected ranges for the most relevant observables.
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ATLAS Collaboration(Aaboud, M. et al), Alvarez Piqueras, D., Barranco Navarro, L., Cabrera Urban, S., Castillo Gimenez, V., Cerda Alberich, L., et al. (2019). In situ calibration of large-radius jet energy and mass in 13 TeV proton-proton collisions with the ATLAS detector. Eur. Phys. J. C, 79(2), 135–42pp.
Abstract: The response of the ATLAS detector to large-radius jets is measured in situ using 36.2 fb(-1) of root s = 13 TeV proton-proton collisions provided by the LHC and recorded by the ATLAS experiment during 2015 and 2016. The jet energy scale is measured in events where the jet recoils against a reference object, which can be either a calibrated photon, a reconstructed Z boson, or a system of well-measured small-radius jets. The jet energy resolution and a calibration of forward jets are derived using dijet balance measurements. The jet mass response is measured with two methods: using mass peaks formed by W bosons and top quarks with large transverse momenta and by comparing the jet mass measured using the energy deposited in the calorimeter with that using the momenta of charged-particle tracks. The transverse momentum and mass responses in simulations are found to be about 2-3% higher than in data. This difference is adjusted for with a correction factor. The results of the different methods are combined to yield a calibration over a large range of transverse momenta (p(T)). The precision of the relative jet energy scale is 1-2% for 200 GeV < p(T) < TeV, while that of the mass scale is 2-10%. The ratio of the energy resolutions in data and simulation is measured to a precision of 10-15% over the same p(T) range.
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ATLAS Collaboration(Aaboud, M. et al), Alvarez Piqueras, D., Aparisi Pozo, J. A., Bailey, A. J., Barranco Navarro, L., Cabrera Urban, S., et al. (2019). Measurements of W and Z boson production in pp collisions at root s=5.02 TeV with the ATLAS detector. Eur. Phys. J. C, 79(2), 128–29pp.
Abstract: Measurements of fiducial integrated and differential cross sections for inclusive W +, W -and Z boson production are reported. They are based on 25.0 +/- 0.5 pb -1 of pp collision data at v s = 5.02 TeV collected with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. Electron and muon decay channels are analysed, and the combined W +, W -and Z integrated cross sections are found to be sW+ = 2266 +/- 9 (stat) +/- 29 (syst) +/- 43 (lumi) pb, sW-= 1401 +/- 7 (stat) +/- 18 (syst) +/- 27 (lumi) pb, and sZ = 374.5 +/- 3.4 (stat)+/- 3.6 (syst)+/- 7.0 (lumi) pb, in good agreement with next-to-next-to-leading-order QCD crosssection calculations. Thesemeasurements serve as references for Pb+ Pb interactions at the LHC at v sNN = 5.02 TeV.
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Afonso, V. I., Olmo, G. J., Orazi, E., & Rubiera-Garcia, D. (2019). Correspondence between modified gravity and general relativity with scalar fields. Phys. Rev. D, 99(4), 044040–15pp.
Abstract: We describe a novel procedure to map the field equations of nonlinear Ricci-based metric-affine theories of gravity, coupled to scalar matter described by a given Lagrangian, into the field equations of general relativity coupled to a different scalar field Lagrangian. Our analysis considers examples with a single and N real scalar fields, described either by canonical Lagrangians or by generalized functions of the kinetic and potential terms. In particular, we consider several explicit examples involving foRthorn theories and the Eddington-inspired Born-Infeld gravity model, coupled to different scalar field Lagrangians. We show how the nonlinearities of the gravitational sector of these theories can be traded to nonlinearities in the matter fields and how the procedure allows to find new solutions on both sides of the correspondence. The potential of this procedure for applications of scalar field models in astrophysical and cosmological scenarios is highlighted.
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Alvarez-Ruso, L., Graczyk, K. M., & Saul-Sala, E. (2019). Nucleon axial form factor from a Bayesian neural-network analysis of neutrino-scattering data. Phys. Rev. C, 99(2), 025204–14pp.
Abstract: The Bayesian approach for feedforward neural networks has been applied to the extraction of the nucleon axial form factor from the neutrino-deuteron-scattering data measured by the Argonne National Laboratory bubble-chamber experiment. This framework allows to perform a model-independent determination of the axial form factor from data. When the low 0.05 < Q(2) < 0.10-GeV2 data are included in the analysis, the resulting axial radius disagrees with available determinations. Furthermore, a large sensitivity to the corrections from the deuteron structure is obtained. In turn, when the low-Q(2) region is not taken into account with or without deuteron corrections, no significant deviations from previous determinations have been observed. A more accurate determination of the nucleon axial form factor requires new precise measurements of neutrino-induced quasielastic scattering on hydrogen and deuterium.
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Elor, G., Escudero, M., & Nelson, A. E. (2019). Baryogenesis and dark matter from B mesons. Phys. Rev. D, 99(3), 035031–18pp.
Abstract: We present a new mechanism of baryogenesis and dark matter production in which both the dark matter relic abundance and the baryon asymmetry arise from neutral B meson oscillations and subsequent decays. This setup is testable at hadron colliders and B factories. In the early universe, decays of a long lived particle produce B mesons and antimesons out of thermal equilibrium. These mesons/antimesons then undergo CP violating oscillations before quickly decaying into visible and dark sector particles. Dark matter will be charged under the baryon number so that the visible sector baryon asymmetry is produced without violating the total baryon number of the Universe. The produced baryon asymmetry will be directly related to the leptonic charge asymmetry in neutral B decays: an experimental observable. Dark matter is stabilized by an unbroken discrete symmetry, and proton decay is simply evaded by kinematics. We will illustrate this mechanism with a model that is unconstrained by dinucleon decay, does not require a high reheat temperature, and would have unique experimental signals-a positive leptonic asymmetry in B meson decays, a new decay of B mesons into a baryon and missing energy, and a new decay of b-flavored baryons into mesons and missing energy. These three observables are testable at current and upcoming collider experiments, allowing for a distinct probe of this mechanism.
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Carcamo Hernandez, A. E., Kovalenko, S., Valle, J. W. F., & Vaquera-Araujo, C. A. (2019). Neutrino predictions from a left-right symmetric flavored extension of the standard model. J. High Energy Phys., 02(2), 065–24pp.
Abstract: We propose a left-right symmetric electroweak extension of the Standard Model based on the Delta (27) family symmetry. The masses of all electrically charged Standard Model fermions lighter than the top quark are induced by a Universal Seesaw mechanism mediated by exotic fermions. The top quark is the only Standard Model fermion to get mass directly from a tree level renormalizable Yukawa interaction, while neutrinos are unique in that they get calculable radiative masses through a low-scale seesaw mechanism. The scheme has generalized μ- tau symmetry and leads to a restricted range of neutrino oscillations parameters, with a nonzero neutrinoless double beta decay amplitude lying at the upper ranges generically associated to normal and inverted neutrino mass ordering.
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LHCb Collaboration(Aaij, R. et al), Garcia Martin, L. M., Henry, L., Martinez-Vidal, F., Oyanguren, A., Remon Alepuz, C., et al. (2019). Prompt Lambda+c production in pPb collisions at root s(NN)=5.02 TeV. J. High Energy Phys., 02(2), 102–26pp.
Abstract: The prompt production of +c baryons is studied in proton- lead collisions collected with the LHCb detector at the LHC. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 1 : 58 nb recorded at a nucleon- nucleon centre- of- mass energy of p sNN = 5 : 02TeV. Measurements of the di ff erential cross- section and the forwardbackward production ratio are reported for +c baryons with transverse momenta in the range 2 < pT < 10 GeV =c and rapidities in the ranges 1 : 5 < y < 4 : 0 and 4 : 5 < y < 2 : 5 in the nucleon- nucleon centre- of- mass system. The ratio of cross- sections of +c baryons and D0 mesons is also reported. The results are compared with next- to- leading order calculations that use nuclear parton distribution functions.
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Albiol, F., Corbi, A., & Albiol, A. (2019). Densitometric Radiographic Imaging With Contour Sensors. IEEE Access, 7, 18902–18914.
Abstract: We present the technical/physical foundations of a new imaging technique that combines ordinary radiographic information (generated by conventional X-ray settings) with the patient's volume to derive densitometric images. Traditionally, these images provide quantitative information about tissues densities. In our approach, they graphically enhance either soft or bony regions. After measuring the patient's volume with contour recognition devices, the physical traversed lengths within it (as the Roentgen beam intersects the patient) are calculated and pixel-wise associated with the original radiograph (X). In order to derive this map of lengths (L), the camera equations of the X-ray system and the contour sensor are determined. The patient's surface is also translated to the point-of-view of the X-ray beam and all its entrance/exit points are sought with the help of ray-casting methods. The derived L is applied to X as a physical operation (subtraction), obtaining soft tissue-(D-S) or bone-enhanced (D'(B)) figures. In the D-S type, the contained graphical information can be linearly mapped to the average electronic density (traversed by the X-ray beam). This feature represents an interesting proof-of-concept of associating density data to radiographs, but most important, their intensity histogram is objectively compressed, i.e., the dynamic range is more shrunk (compared against the corresponding X). This leads to other advantages: improvement in the visibility of border/edge areas (high gradient), extended manual window level/width manipulations during screening, and immediate correction of underexposed X instances. In the D-B' type, high-density elements are highlighted and easier to discern. All these results can be achieved with low-energy beam exposures, saving costs and dose. Future work will deepen this clinical side of our research. In contrast with other image-based modifiers, the proposed method is grounded on the measurement of a physical entity: the span of the X-ray beam within a body while undertaking a radiographic examination.
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BABAR Collaboration(Lees, J. P. et al), Martinez-Vidal, F., & Oyanguren, A. (2019). Search for a Stable Six-Quark State at BABAR. Phys. Rev. Lett., 122(7), 072002–7pp.
Abstract: Recent investigations have suggested that the six-quark combination uuddss could be a deeply bound state (S) that has eluded detection so far, and a potential dark matter candidate. We report the first search for a stable, doubly strange six-quark state in (sic) > S (Lambda) over bar(Lambda) over bar decays based on a sample of 90 x 10(6)(sic)(2S) and 110 x 10(6)(sic)(3S) decays collected by the BABAR experiment. No signal is observed, and 90% confidence level limits on the combined (sic)(2S, 3S) -> S (Lambda) over bar(Lambda) over bar branching fraction in the range (1.2-1.4) x 10(-7) are derived for m(s) < 2.05 GeV. These bounds set stringent limits on the existence of such exotic particles.
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